python小程序开发五子棋

五子棋是一种二人对弈游戏,其中黑白两方各执所属的棋子在棋盘上交替落子,先在横向、纵向或斜向连成五子者获胜。本文将介绍如何使用Python开发一个简单的五子棋小程序。

一、棋盘与棋子

我们先要构建一个棋盘界面,使用Python的pygame模块可以方便地实现。以下是实现棋盘的代码:

```python

import pygame

BLACK = (0, 0, 0)

WHITE = (255, 255, 255)

pygame.init()

# 设置棋盘尺寸

size = (600, 600)

screen = pygame.display.set_mode(size)

pygame.display.set_caption("五子棋")

# 设置格子尺寸和行数

block_size = 30

block_count = 15

start_xy = 30

# 绘制棋盘

for x in range(block_count):

for y in range(block_count):

rect = pygame.Rect(start_xy + x * block_size - block_size / 2,

start_xy + y * block_size - block_size / 2,

block_size, block_size)

pygame.draw.rect(screen, BLACK, rect, 2)

pygame.draw.circle(screen, BLACK, (start_xy + x * block_size,

start_xy + y * block_size), 4)

```

以上代码中,我们设置了棋盘的尺寸、格子尺寸和行数,并使用for循环绘制每一个格子和棋盘边缘的圆点。接下来,我们需要实现棋子的绘制和落子操作。

```python

def draw_chess(x, y, color):

"""

:param x: 棋子x坐标

:param y: 棋子y坐标

:param color: 棋子颜色(1为黑,-1为白)

"""

if color == 1:

pygame.draw.circle(screen, BLACK, (start_xy + x * block_size, start_xy + y * block_size), 15)

else:

pygame.draw.circle(screen, WHITE, (start_xy + x * block_size, start_xy + y * block_size), 15)

is_black = True

chess_map = [[0] * block_count for i in range(block_count)]

while True:

for event in pygame.event.get():

if event.type == pygame.QUIT:

pygame.quit()

exit()

if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:

mouse_pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()

click_x = (mouse_pos[0] - start_xy) // block_size

click_y = (mouse_pos[1] - start_xy) // block_size

if chess_map[click_y][click_x] == 0:

# 绘制棋子

if is_black:

draw_chess(click_x, click_y, 1)

chess_map[click_y][click_x] = 1

else:

draw_chess(click_x, click_y, -1)

chess_map[click_y][click_x] = -1

is_black = not is_black

```

以上代码实现了根据鼠标点击位置在棋盘上落子并绘制棋子,然后根据当前下棋者切换黑白棋子颜色。chess_map是棋盘的状态数组,值为0的位置表示当前没有子,1表示黑子,-1表示白子。

二、胜负判断

五子棋游戏的核心逻辑就是胜负判断。在游戏中,每次落子后需要判断当前下棋方是否胜利,如果胜利则游戏结束。

```python

def check_win(chess_map, x, y, color):

"""

:param chess_map: 棋盘状态数组

:param x: 当前落子的x坐标

:param y: 当前落子的y坐标

:param color: 当前落子的颜色(1为黑,-1为白)

:return: 是否胜利

"""

def count(n):

if n < 5:

return False

for i in range(n - 4):

arr = chess_map[y][i:i + 5]

if arr.count(color) == 5:

return True

for i in range(n - 4):

arr = [chess_map[j][i] for j in range(n)]

arr = arr[i:i + 5]

if arr.count(color) == 5:

return True

for i in range(n - 4):

arr = [chess_map[i + k][j + k] for k in range(min(n - i, n - j))]

arr = arr[i:i + 5]

if arr.count(color) == 5:

return True

for i in range(n - 4):

arr = [chess_map[i + k][j - k] for k in range(min(n - i, j + 1))]

arr = arr[i:i + 5]

if arr.count(color) == 5:

return True

return False

return count(block_count) or count(block_count)

# 胜负状态

WIN_NONE = 0

WIN_BLACK = 1

WIN_WHITE = 2

def check_gameover(chess_map, x, y, color):

"""

:param chess_map: 棋盘状态数组

:param x: 当前落子的x坐标

:param y: 当前落子的y坐标

:param color: 当前落子的颜色(1为黑,-1为白)

:return: 是否游戏结束,胜负状态

"""

if check_win(chess_map, x, y, color):

return True, WIN_BLACK if color == 1 else WIN_WHITE

for i in range(block_count):

if 0 in chess_map[i]:

return False, WIN_NONE

return True, WIN_NONE

```

以上代码实现了一个胜负判断函数check_win,它通过判断当前落子位置横向、纵向和两个斜向是否有五个同色的棋子,来决定胜负状态。接下来,我们调用check_win来判断游戏是否结束:

```python

# 胜负状态

WIN_NONE = 0

WIN_BLACK = 1

WIN_WHITE = 2

def check_gameover(chess_map, x, y, color):

"""

:param chess_map: 棋盘状态数组

:param x: 当前落子的x坐标

:param y: 当前落子的y坐标

:param color: 当前落子的颜色(1为黑,-1为白)

:return: 是否游戏结束,胜负状态

"""

if check_win(chess_map, x, y, color):

return True, WIN_BLACK if color == 1 else WIN_WHITE

for i in range(block_count):

if 0 in chess_map[i]:

return False, WIN_NONE

return True, WIN_NONE

is_black = True

chess_map = [[0] * block_count for i in range(block_count)]

while True:

for event in pygame.event.get():

if event.type == pygame.QUIT:

pygame.quit()

exit()

if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:

mouse_pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()

click_x = (mouse_pos[0] - start_xy) // block_size

click_y = (mouse_pos[1] - start_xy) // block_size

if chess_map[click_y][click_x] == 0:

# 绘制棋子

if is_black:

draw_chess(click_x, click_y, 1)

chess_map[click_y][click_x] = 1

else:

draw_chess(click_x, click_y, -1)

chess_map[click_y][click_x] = -1

# 判断游戏是否结束

is_gameover, win = check_gameover(chess_map, click_x, click_y, 1 if is_black else -1)

if is_gameover:

if win == WIN_BLACK:

print("黑方胜利!")

elif win == WIN_WHITE:

print("白方胜利!")

else:

print("平局!")

else:

is_black = not is_black

```

以上代码中,我们调用check_win判断当前局面是否已经胜利,如果胜利则输出胜方信息,否则根据落子方切换下一步。

三、完整代码

以上是实现五子棋小程序的核心代码,完整代码如下: